Electrothermal Aging Model of Li-Ion Batteries for Vehicle-to-Grid Services Evaluation

The growing interest in Electrical Vehicles (EVs) opens new possibilities the use of Li-ion batteries order to provide ancillary grid services while they are plugged recharging stations. Indeed, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), Vehicle-to-Building (V2B), Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) as well Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) can be carried out depending on particular installation and connection distribution considered station. Even if these interesting challenging opportunities, additional charging/discharging cycles necessary could decrease expected life EV batteries. For this reason, it is paramount importance study develop reliable models batteries, which take aging phenomena affecting reliability cells into account evaluate best strategy economic revenues. To aim, paper focuses a battery pack made up with nickel–manganese–cobalt (NMC) proposes semiempirical Electrothermal Aging Model, accounts for both calendar cycle aging. This modeling phase supported by several experimental data recorded many charge discharge at different C-rates temperatures. Thus, possible analyze compare scenarios considering V2G or not. Results show that subjected reduction about 2 years, consequence increased Ah throughput, moves from 120,000 over 10 years (scenario without services) almost 230,000 8 services).